FitSugar

"Stayin' Alive" Keeps Man Alive

FitSugar — Thu, 02 Jul 2009 13:03:40 -0700

A seemingly silly public service announcement helped Debra Bader save her husband's life. The couple was walking in the woods when 53-year-old Christopher Bader suddenly collapsed from cardiac arrest, the same heart problem that recently led to Michael Jackson's death. Thankfully, Bader recalled the American Heart Association's campaign from last year, teaching people that the Bee Gees song "Stayin' Alive" has a perfect tempo to match the recommended pace of chest compressions. So she called 9-1-1 and started singing.

"I sang the song and gave directions to the EMTs at the same time. It was like, 'Stayin' alive, stayin' alive - take a right here, take a left here - Stayin' alive, stayin' alive - take this path down here - Stayin' alive, stayin' alive,' " Bader remembers.

For 15 minutes Bader, who had never taken a CPR class, beat on her husband's chest until the ambulance arrived and the EMTs delivered a shock to his heart with a defibrillator. Christopher Bader survived, even though 95 percent of people who go into cardiac arrest die before they get to the hospital.

Wow! What a heartwarming story, and don't you love hearing that a funny PSA actually worked? Perhaps it helped that an episode of The Office also featured a riff on the "Stayin' Alive" connection. Want a laugh? Check out the clip.

Are You Prepared For an Emergency?

FitSugar — Fri, 06 Mar 2009 10:00:00 -0800

The Heimlich maneuver is usually taught in health classes during high school, and CPR often makes appearances in movie scenes where the choking victim and hero either love or hate each other. We might not think these skills will ever come in handy - until there's an emergency. If put to the test, could you do the Heimlich maneuver or CPR?

Source

CPR + Bee Gees = Stayin' Alive

FitSugar — Tue, 21 Oct 2008 03:00:00 -0700

I love the rare occasion when pop culture overlaps with medical news, especially when it involves a lot of consonants. We all know from exercising while listening to playlists that the beats per minute in songs can help you reach the desired beats per minute of your heart rate. It looks like the same holds true for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, otherwise known as CPR.

The Bee Gees song coincidentally titled "Stayin' Alive" provides the correct timing for the manual chest compressions used in CPR. The tempo of the song syncs perfectly with the recommended pace of the chest compression - 100 beats per minute. On a serious note: when properly performed, CPR can at least triple survival rates for victims of cardiac arrest. It is said that many people fear performing CPR because they are not confident about the rhythm for pumping the chest. Hopefully the Bee Gees can help.

If you need a little refresher course on how the song goes, check out GiggleSugar's celebration of this musical health headline. If you need a little refresher course on CPR, the American Heart Association offers classes nationwide.

Source

New Approach to CPR Saves More Lives

FitSugar — Thu, 13 Mar 2008 02:00:00 -0700

Many of you have been trained in CPR (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation), so I thought you would be interested in this new approach to the technique. Now emergency medical workers may be using a new approach to CPR called MICR. It stands for "minimally interrupted cardiac resuscitation" and it focuses on increasing blood flow to the heart and brain. This new method can triple the rate of survival for heart attack victims treated in "out-of-hospital" situations.

MICR should only be administered by trained professionals and it involves more than just chest compressions. It involves an initial series of 200 uninterrupted chest compressions and then the victim receives a shock. Then another set of 200 chest compressions is given. If there's still no pulse, the workers will give the victim a shot of epinephrine to stimulate the heart. Then they'll insert a flexible plastic tube into the trachea to help ventilate the lungs.

The success of this new method is great news since cardiovascular disease is the number one killer of women in the United States. Each year about 88,000 women, aged 45 to 64, suffer from a heart attack. The best way to take care of your heart is to exercise regularly (cardio is essential), don't smoke, eat a healthy diet that's low in sodium, cholesterol, and saturated fat, and try to limit the amount of stress in your life. Remember that it's never too early to start taking care of your heart.

Source

Do You Know CPR?

FitSugar — Mon, 11 Feb 2008 03:30:00 -0800

Being that February is heart health month, I thought I would tell you that the American Heart Association is urging more people to be trained in CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation). It seems that not many Americans are trained in the potentially life saving treatment.

It is estimated that only 15 to 30 percent of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims receive CPR from a bystander before emergency medical services personnel arrive on the scene. CPR is crucial for a heart attack victim's survival because with every minute without CPR the chances of making it through the episode of cardiac arrest fall by up to 10 percent.

Those statistics motivate me to get re-certified in CPR, how about you? Are you certified in CPR? Have you ever performed CPR in an emergency? If so, share the details in the comments section below.

Source

CPR - infant

admin — Wed, 03 Sep 2008 17:46:34 -0700

Overview

Definition
Alternative Names
Considerations
Causes
Symptoms
First Aid
Do Not
Call immediately for emergency medical assistance if
Prevention
References

Illustrations

CPR - infant - series

HEALTH GUIDE REFERENCE FROM A.D.A.M

Definition

CPR is a lifesaving procedure that is performed when an infant's breathing or heartbeat has stopped, as in cases of drowning, suffocation, choking, or injuries. CPR is a combination of:

Rescue breathing, which provides oxygen to the infant's lungs.
Chest compressions, which keep the infant's blood circulating.

Permanent brain damage or death can occur within minutes if a infant's blood flow stops. Therefore, you must continue these procedures until the infant's heartbeat and breathing return, or trained medical help arrives.

Alternative Names

Rescue breathing and chest compressions - infant; Resuscitation - cardiopulmonary - infant; Cardiopulmonary resuscitation - infant

Considerations

CPR can be lifesaving, but it is best performed by those who have been trained in an accredited CPR course. The procedures described here are not a substitute for CPR training.

All parents and those who take care of children should learn infant and child CPR if they haven't already. This jewel of knowledge is something no parent should be without. (See www.americanheart.org for classes near you.)

Time is very important when dealing with an unconscious infant who is not breathing. Permanent brain damage begins after only 4 minutes without oxygen, and death can occur in as little as 4 - 6 minutes later.

Causes

In infants, major reasons that heartbeat and breathing stop include drowning, suffocation, choking, head trauma or serious injury, excessive bleeding, electrical shock, poisoning, and lung disease.

Symptoms

First Aid

The following steps are based on instructions from the American Heart Association.

Check for responsiveness. Shake or tap the infant gently. See if the infant moves or makes a noise. Shout, "Are you OK?"
If there is no response, shout for help. Send someone to call 911. Do not leave the infant yourself to call 911 until you have performed CPR for about 2 minutes.
Carefully place the infant on their back. If there is a chance the infant has a spinal injury, two people should move the infant to prevent the head and neck from twisting.
Open the airway. Lift up the chin with one hand. At the same time, tilt the head by pushing down on the forehead with the other hand.
Look, listen, and feel for breathing. Place your ear close to the infant's mouth and nose. Watch for chest movement. Feel for breath on your cheek.
If the infant is not breathing:
- Cover the infant's mouth and nose tightly with your mouth.
- Alternatively, cover just the nose. Hold the mouth shut.
- Keep the chin lifted and head tilted.
- Give 2 rescue breaths. Each breath should take about a second and make the chest rise.
Perform chest compressions:
- Place 2 fingers on the breastbone -- just below the nipples. Make sure not to press at the very end of the breastbone.
- Keep your other hand on the infant's forehead, keeping the head tilted back.
- Press down on the infant's chest so that it compresses about 1/3 to 1/2 the depth of the chest.
- Give 30 chest compressions. Each time, let the chest rise completely. These compressions should be FAST and hard with no pausing. Count the 30 compressions quickly: "1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30, off."
Give the infant 2 more breaths. The chest should rise.
Continue CPR (30 chest compressions followed by 2 breaths, then repeat) for about 2 minutes.
After about 2 minutes of CPR, if the infant still does not have normal breathing, coughing, or any movement, leave the infant if you are alone and call 911.
Repeat step 9 until the infant recovers or help arrives.

If the infant starts breathing again, place him or her in the recovery position. Periodically re-check for breathing until help arrives.

Do Not

Lift the infant's chin while tilting the head back to move the tongue away from the windpipe. If a spinal injury is suspected, pull the jaw forward without moving the head or neck. Don't let the mouth close.
If the infant has signs of normal breathing, coughing, or movement, DO NOT begin chest compressions. Doing so may cause the heart to stop beating.
Unless you are a health professional, DO NOT check for a pulse. Only a health care professional is properly trained to check for a pulse.

Call immediately for emergency medical assistance if

If you have help, tell one person to call 911 while another person begins CPR.
If you are alone, shout loudly for help and begin CPR. After doing CPR for about 2 minutes, if no help has arrived, call 911. You may carry the infant with you to the nearest phone (unless you suspect spinal injury).

Prevention

Unlike adults, who often require CPR because of a heart attack, most children need CPR because of a preventable accident.

Never underestimate what a infant can do. Play it safe and assume the child is more mobile and more dexterous than you thought possible. Never leave an infant unattended on a bed, table, or other surface from which the infant could roll. Always use safety straps on high chairs and strollers. Never leave a infant in a mesh playpen with one side down.

Start teaching your infant the meaning of "Don't touch." The earliest safety lesson is "No!"

Choose age-appropriate toys. Do not give infants toys that are heavy or fragile. Inspect toys for small or loose parts, sharp edges, points, loose batteries, and other hazards.

Create a safe environment and supervise children carefully, particularly around water and near furniture. Dangers such as electrical outlets, stove tops, and medicine cabinets are attractive to small children.

To reduce the risk of choking accidents, make sure small children can not reach buttons, watch batteries, popcorn, coins, grapes, or nuts. It is also important to sit with an infant while he or she eats. Do not allow an infant to crawl around while eating or drinking from a bottle.

Never tie pacifiers, jewelry, chains, bracelets, or anything else around an infant's neck or wrists.

References

Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee, Subcommittees, and Task Forces of the American Heart Association. 2005 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2005;112(24 Suppl):IV1-203.

Review Date: 2/27/2008

Reviewed By: Eric Perez, MD, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Luke's-RooseveltHospital Center, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed HealthcareNetwork.

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).

A.D.A.M. Copyright

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997-2009 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.

adam.com

Source Doc: 1_000011

CPR - child (1 to 8 years old)

admin — Wed, 03 Sep 2008 17:46:35 -0700

Overview

Definition
Alternative Names
Considerations
Causes
Symptoms
First Aid
Do Not
Call immediately for emergency medical assistance if
Prevention
References

Illustrations

CPR - child 1 to 8 years old - series

HEALTH GUIDE REFERENCE FROM A.D.A.M

Definition

CPR is a lifesaving procedure that is performed when a child's breathing or heartbeat has stopped, as in cases of drowning, suffocation, choking, or injuries. CPR is a combination of:

Rescue breathing, which provides oxygen to a child's lungs
Chest compressions, which keep the child's blood circulating

Permanent brain damage or death can occur within minutes if a child's blood flow stops. Therefore, you must continue these procedures until the child's heartbeat and breathing return, or trained medical help arrives.

Alternative Names

Rescue breathing and chest compressions - child; Resuscitation - cardiopulmonary - child; Cardiopulmonary resuscitation - child

Considerations

CPR can be lifesaving, but it is best performed by those who have been trained in an accredited CPR course. The procedures described here are not a substitute for CPR training.

All parents and those who take care of children should learn infant and child CPR if they haven't already. This jewel of knowledge is something no parent should be without. (See www.americanheart.org for classes near you.)

Time is very important when dealing with an unconscious child, who is not breathing. Permanent brain damage begins after only 4 minutes without oxygen, and death can occur in as little as 4 to 6 minutes later.

Machines called automated external defibrillators (AEDs) can be found in many public places, and are available for home use. These machines have pads or paddles to place on the chest during a life-threatening emergency. They use computers to automatically check the heart rhythm and give a sudden shock if, and only if, that shock is needed to get the heart back into the right rhythm.

When using an AED, follow the instructions exactly.

Causes

In children, major reasons that heartbeat and breathing stop include drowning, suffocation, choking, head trauma or serious injury, excessive bleeding, electrical shock, poisoning, and lung disease.

Symptoms

First Aid

The following steps are based on instructions from the American Heart Association.

Check for responsiveness. Shake or tap the child gently. See if the child moves or makes a noise. Shout, "Are you OK?"
If there is no response, shout for help. Send someone to call 911 and retrieve an AED (if available). Do not leave the child alone to call 911 and retrieve an AED until you have performed CPR for about 2 minutes.
Carefully place the child on his or her back. If there is a chance the child has a spinal injury, two people should move the child to prevent the head and neck from twisting.
Open the airway. Lift up the chin with one hand. At the same time, tilt the head by pushing down on the forehead with the other hand.
Look, listen, and feel for breathing. Place your ear close to the child's mouth and nose. Watch for chest movement. Feel for breath on your cheek.
If the child is not breathing:
- Cover the child's mouth tightly with your mouth.
- Pinch the nose closed.
- Keep the chin lifted and head tilted.
- Give 2 rescue breaths. Each breath should take about a second and make the chest rise.
Perform chest compressions:
- Place the heel of one hand on the breastbone -- just below the nipples. Make sure your heel is not at the very end of the breastbone.
- Keep your other hand on the child's forehead, keeping the head tilted back.
- Press down on the child's chest so that it compresses about 1/3 to 1/2 the depth of the chest.
- Give 30 chest compressions. Each time, let the chest rise completely. These compressions should be FAST and hard with no pausing. Count the 30 compressions quickly: "1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30, off."
Give the child 2 more breaths. The chest should rise.
Continue CPR (30 chest compressions, followed by 2 breaths, then repeat) for about 2 minutes.
After about 2 minutes of CPR, if the child still does not have normal breathing, coughing, or any movement, leave the child if you are alone and call 911. If an AED for children is available, use it now.
Repeat step 9 until the child recovers or help arrives.

If the child starts breathing again, place him or her in the recovery position. Periodically recheck for breathing until help arrives.

Do Not

Lift the child's chin while tilting the head back to move the tongue away from the windpipe. If a spinal injury is suspected, pull the jaw forward without moving the head or neck. Don't let the mouth close.
If the child has signs of normal breathing, coughing, or movement, do NOT begin chest compressions. Doing so may cause the heart to stop beating.
Unless you are a health professional, do NOT check for a pulse. Only a health care professional is properly trained to check for a pulse.

Call immediately for emergency medical assistance if

If you have help, tell one person to call 911 while another person begins CPR.
If you are alone, shout loudly for help and begin CPR. After doing CPR for about 2 minutes, if no help has arrived, call 911. You may carry the child with you to the nearest phone (unless you suspect spinal injury).

Prevention

Unlike adults, who may suffer a heart attack, most children need CPR because of a preventable accident. With this in mind, remember these simple measures:

Teach your children the basic principles of family safety.
Teach your child to swim.
Teach your child to watch for cars and ride bikes safely.
Make sure you follow the guidelines for using children's car seats.
Teach your child firearm safety.

Never underestimate what a child can do. Play it safe, and assume the child is more mobile and more dexterous than you thought possible. Think ahead to what the child may get into next, and be ready. Climbing and squirming are to be expected. Always use safety straps on high chairs and strollers.

Choose age-appropriate toys. Do not give small children toys that are heavy or fragile. Inspect toys for small or loose parts, sharp edges, points, loose batteries, and other hazards.

References

Marx JA, Hockberger RS, Walls RM, eds. Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 5th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 2002:83.

Review Date: 2/27/2008

Reviewed By: Eric Perez, MD, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

A.D.A.M. Copyright

adam.com

Source Doc: 1_000012

CPR - adult

admin — Wed, 03 Sep 2008 17:46:35 -0700

Overview

Definition
Alternative Names
Considerations
Causes
Symptoms
First Aid
Do Not
Call immediately for emergency medical assistance if
Prevention
References

Illustrations

CPR - adult - series

HEALTH GUIDE REFERENCE FROM A.D.A.M

Definition

CPR is a lifesaving procedure that is performed when someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped, as in cases of electric shock, drowning, or heart attack. CPR is a combination of:

Rescue breathing, which provides oxygen to a person's lungs.
Chest compressions, which keep the person's blood circulating.

Permanent brain damage or death can occur within minutes if a person's blood flow stops. Therefore, you must continue these procedures until the person's heartbeat and breathing return, or trained medical help arrives.

Alternative Names

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation - adult; Rescue breathing and chest compressions - adult; Resuscitation - cardiopulmonary - adult

Considerations

CPR can be lifesaving, but it is best performed by those who have been trained in an accredited CPR course. The procedures described here are not a substitute for CPR training. (See www.americanheart.org for classes near you.)

Time is very important when dealing with an unconscious person who is not breathing. Permanent brain damage begins after only 4 minutes without oxygen, and death can occur in as little as 4 to 6 minutes later.

When a bystander starts CPR before emergency support arrives, the person has a much greater chance of surviving. Nevertheless, when most emergency workers arrive at a cardiac arrest, they usually find no one giving CPR.

When using an AED, follow the instructions exactly.

Causes

In adults, major reasons that heartbeat and breathing stop include heart disease, injuries and accidents, excessive bleeding, drug overdose, and sepsis (infection in the bloodstream).

Symptoms

Unconsciousness
No breathing or difficulty breathing (gasping)
No pulse

First Aid

The following steps are based on instructions from the American Heart Association.

Check for responsiveness. Shake or tap the person gently. See if the person moves or makes a noise. Shout, "Are you OK?"
Call 911 if there is no response. Shout for help and send someone to call 911. If you are alone, call 911 and retrieve an AED (if available), even if you have to leave the person.
Carefully place the person on their back. If there is a chance the person has a spinal injury, two people should move the person to prevent the head and neck from twisting.
Open the airway. Lift up the chin with 2 fingers. At the same time, tilt the head by pushing down on the forehead with the other hand.
Look, listen, and feel for breathing. Place your ear close to the person's mouth and nose. Watch for chest movement. Feel for breath on your cheek.
If the person is not breathing or has trouble breathing:
- Cover their mouth tightly with your mouth.
- Pinch the nose closed.
- Keep the chin lifted and head tilted.
- Give 2 rescue breaths. Each breath should take about a second and make the chest rise.
Perform chest compressions:
- Place the heel of one hand on the breastbone -- right between the nipples.
- Place the heel of your other hand on top of the first hand.
- Position your body directly over your hands.
- Give 30 chest compressions. These compressions should be FAST and hard. Press down about 2 inches into the chest. Each time, let the chest rise completely. Count the 30 compressions quickly: "1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30, off."
Give the person 2 more breaths. The chest should rise.
Continue CPR (30 chest compressions followed by 2 breaths, then repeat) until the person recovers or help arrives. If an AED for adults is available, use it as soon as possible.

If the person starts breathing again, place them in the recovery position. Periodically re-check for breathing until help arrives.

Do Not

If the person has normal breathing, coughing, or movement, DO NOT begin chest compressions. Doing so may cause the heart to stop beating.
Unless you are a health professional, DO NOT check for a pulse. Only a health care professional is properly trained to check for a pulse.

Call immediately for emergency medical assistance if

If you have help, tell one person to call 911 while another person begins CPR.
If you are alone, as soon as you determine that the person is unresponsive, call 911 immediately. Then begin CPR.

Prevention

To avoid injuries and heart problems that can lead to cardiac arrest:

Eliminate or reduce risk factors that contribute to heart disease, such as cigarette smoking, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity, and stress.
Get plenty of exercise.
See your doctor regularly.
Always use seat belts and drive safely.
Avoid using illegal drugs.

References

Marx JA, Hockberger RS, Walls RM, eds. Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 5th Ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2002;64-82.

Review Date: 7/31/2007

Reviewed By: A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: Greg Juhn, M.T.P.W., David R. Eltz, Kelli A. Stacy. Previously reviewed by Eric Perez, MD, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network (5/15/2006).

A.D.A.M. Copyright

adam.com

Source Doc: 1_000013

CPR

admin — Wed, 03 Sep 2008 17:46:34 -0700

HEALTH GUIDE REFERENCE FROM A.D.A.M

Definition

CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It is an emergency lifesaving procedure that is performed when a person's own breathing or heartbeat have stopped, such as in cases of electric shock or drowning.

CPR is a combination of rescue breathing, which provides oxygen to the victim's lungs, and chest compressions, which keep oxygenated blood circulating until an effective heartbeat and breathing can be restored.

Permanent brain damage or death can occur within minutes if blood flow stops. Therefore, it is critical that blood flow and breathing be continued until trained medical help arrives.

CPR techniques vary slightly depending on the age or size of the patient.

Alternative Names

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Review Date: 7/18/2007

Reviewed By: Eric Perez, MD, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

A.D.A.M. Copyright

adam.com

Source Doc: 1_000010

CPR - infant - series

admin — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 19:45:00 -0700

Back

Overview

Check for breathing
Infant not breathing
Chest compressions

HEALTH GUIDE REFERENCE FROM A.D.A.M

Check for breathing

1. Check for responsiveness. Shake or tap the infant gently. See if the infant moves or makes a noise. Shout, “Are you OK?”

2. If there is no response, shout for help. Send someone to call 911. Do not leave the infant yourself to call 911 until you have performed CPR for about 2 minutes.

3. Carefully place the infant on their back. If there is a chance the infant has a spinal injury, two people should move the infant to prevent the head and neck from twisting.

4. Open the airway. Lift up the chin with one hand. At the same time, push down on the forehead with the other hand.

5. Look, listen, and feel for breathing. Place your ear close to the infant’s mouth and nose. Watch for chest movement. Feel for breath on your cheek.

Infant not breathing

6. If the infant is not breathing:

Cover the infant’s mouth and nose tightly with your mouth.
Alternatively, cover just the nose. Hold the mouth shut.
Keep the chin lifted and head tilted.
Give 2 breaths. Each breath should take about a second and make the chest rise.

Chest compressions

7. Perform chest compressions:

Place 2 fingers on the breastbone -- just below the nipples. Make sure not to press at the very end of the breastbone.
Keep your other hand on the infant’s forehead, keeping the head tilted back.
Press down on the infant’s chest so that it compresses about 1/3 to 1/2 the depth of the chest.
Give 30 chest compressions. Each time, let the chest rise completely. These compressions should be FAST and hard with no pausing. Count the 30 compressions quickly: “1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30, off.”

8. Give the infant 2 more breaths. The chest should rise.

9. Continue CPR (30 chest compressions followed by 2 breaths, then repeat) for about 2 minutes.

10. After about 2 minutes of CPR, if the infant still does not have normal breathing, coughing, or any movement, leave the infant to call 911.

11. Repeat step 9 until the infant recovers or help arrives.

If the infant starts breathing again, place them in the recovery position. Periodically re-check for breathing until help arrives.

Review Date: 7/19/2007

Reviewed By: A.D.A.M. Editorial Team: Greg Juhn, M.T.P.W., David R. Eltz, Kelli A. Stacy. Previously reviewed by Eric Perez, MD, Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Luke's-RooseveltHospital Center, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed HealthcareNetwork (3/21/2006).

A.D.A.M. Copyright

adam.com

Source Doc: 3_100216